"Tips for Budget Travelers"

Transportation

JR's Japan Rail Pass offers excellent value and convenience for the foreign visitor traveling around Japan. Especially recommended is the "Japan Rail Pass 7 Days." At a price about equivalent to a round trip on the Shinkansen super express between Tokyo and Kyoto, it allows the bearer unlimited travel on JR lines throughout Japan for seven days.

Meanwhile, in large population centers like Tokyo and Osaka, "1-day Pass" and similar cost-saving tickets are available. They offer unlimited local transportation in the respective areas' main systems of intra-city transportation for a specified period of time. By eliminating the trouble of frequently buying tickets, using such tickets is very convenient for travelers who wish to move around within a limited area and within a limited period of time.

Welcome Card (Culture Card)

The card comes with a guidebook for you as an overseas visitor to Japan to enable you to get discounts and special services at art galleries, museums, sightseeing attractions, shopping areas, restaurants, accommodations and transportation facilities. Although called the Welcome Card, there are also places where you can receive discounts by presenting a web page printout instead of the card.

This card, in many varieties, is currently available in Tokyo (Museum Guide, Handy Guide and Map), Kagawa Prefectures and Northern Tohoku, Narita, Mt. Fuji, Kobe, Kita-Kyushu, Fukuoka cities and regions. The card is available free of charge at local information centers in each region and through the following website.

http://www.jnto.go.jp/eng/arrange/essential/wel

come.html

Dining

Dining out in Japan is not necessarily "expensive" though, like in most countries, it tends to be a bit more expensive while traveling. Delicious as well as reasonably-priced dining can be enjoyed if you keep the following tips in mind:

Ø Concentration of fast food establishments can often be found around train stations, which offer inexpensive meals in a casual atmosphere. Hamburger and sandwich shops not to mention, there are Japanese-style fast food shops, specializing in "gyudon" (rice topped with cooked beef and sauted onions), "tendon" (rice topped with tempura), and soba or udon noodles. These fast food establishments generally offer meals at less than 􀋇500. Even more reasonable breakfast menus are available at some shops.

Ø Shopping, entertainment and business districts are filled with restaurants which offer weekday lunch at reasonable prices ranging from 􀋇600 to 􀋇900. Set menus, either western- or Japanesestyle, are available in abundance. Lunch time is generally from around 11:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m.

Ø Sushi is not at all expensive except at a limited number of high-grade restaurants. With "kaitenzushi" shops (serving small plates each with a couple of bite-sized pieces of sushi on a rotating conveyor belts), sushi costs only 􀋇100 and up per plate. At other sushi shops, a set-menu sushi meal run about 􀋇1,500 and up per person. Sushi lunches can be enjoyed at around 􀋇800 and up.

Ø The basement of department stores is usually the food floor, offering a rich variety of take out deli selections and lunch boxes - delicious as well as inexpensive. Select one or two and enjoy your own lunch at a nearby park.

Shopping

Ø "100-yen shops" are constantly growing in number. A wide range of items - from foods to articles for daily use - are all sold at a uniform price of 100. 100-yen shops can be found near train stations and in shopping districts. You may find small souvenir items there such as Japanese tableware and many other items on sale.

Ø For consumer electronics, the Akihabara district in Tokyo is the first place you should visit. An amazing variety of consumer electronics can be found here. Get off the train at Akihabara Sta. on JR's Yamanote Line, and you'll find countless shops, including volume sales outlets and electronics parts shops, standing side by side.

Ø Japanese retailers, especially department stores, hold large-scale bargain sales twice a year, selling seasonal products such as clothes and sundry goods at remarkable discount prices. If you happen to visit a department store during such a bargain sale period, you'll be impressed with the number of price tags on display at "30% off" and "50% off." Usually, the bargain sale seasons are in January and July.

"Hokkaido"

Hokkaido — nature's paradise. Enjoy the whole of this extensive land to your heart's content — its mountains, highlands, rivers, lakes, the sea, and its azure skies.

Hokkaido, Japan's northernmost main island, was aggressively settled from the 18th century on, and today, as in olden times, still abounds in natural splendor.

Sapporo is the aerial gateway to Hokkaido from Tokyo and Osaka and is the island's cultural, economic, and political center. The city is marked by its neatly laid out checkerboard-like streets.

The city's main thoroughfare is the flower-adorned Odori Park, where the internationally popular Sapporo Snow Festival attracts viewers every February. Sapporo's historical monument, the Clock Tower Building, adjoins a museum exhibiting the city's history. The popular hot spring resort Jozankei Spa, is only a short trip from Sapporo. It is a popular haven for many day visitors as well.

Lake Shikotsu, 1 hr. 20 min. by bus from Sapporo, is a beautiful caldera lake tucked among soaring cliffs. The water is deep blue, and never freezes over.

The circular caldera Lake Toya is another highlight. Four thickly wooded islets, dubbed the Nakanoshima Islands, grace the lake's center.

Hakodate, accessible by train from Aomori, is another popular Hokkaido tourist spot. Hakodate is a port town noted for its splendid night view. The starshaped Goryokaku fortress is a principal attraction in the city along with scenic Mt. Hakodate. Well worth a visit is the morning market with buyers and onlookers alike thronging its 360 small shops and stalls filled with fresh fish and vegetables. Simply watching the market's lively hustle and bustle is a great attraction in itself.

Asahikawa in central Hokkaido can be reached in 1 hr. 30 min. by limited express from Sapporo.

Another 1 hr. trip by local train brings you to Furano celebrated for its lavender fields in early summer. A vast undulating expanse of fields form exquisite flowery belts of narcissi, lavender and cosmos.

Driving through the flowering fields of Furano in this grand natural setting is highly popular among visitors of all generations and a truly unforgettable experience.

Kushiro, the largest city in eastern Hokkaido, is 4 hrs. by limited express from Sapporo. In eastern Hokkaido area you find a world of pristine nature, dotted with crystalline lakes. The greatest highlight here is the Kushiro Marshland which is a wildlife sanctuary. Canoeing down the Kushiro River, which weaves its way through this spectacular marshland, will remain a lifelong memory.

Hokkaido, a land of verdant nature, provides the nature lover with an extensive array of outdoor activities. Attractions include dolphin and whale watching, white-water rafting, horseback riding, woodland trekking, hot-air ballooning, and so much, much more.

"Kyushu/Okinawa"

Kyushu, located southwest of the main island of Honshu, offers a mild climate, lush green countryside, hot springs, and mysterious volcanic formations.

Because of its proximity to Korea and China, Kyushu, from the fourth century on, was culturally influenced by its more sophisticated neighbors. It was also the first point of contact with the West when the Portuguese landed here in the 16th century.

Fukuoka, 6 hrs. by Shinkansen super express from Tokyo and 3 hrs. from Shin-Osaka, is the rail gateway to Kyushu. In recent years, the city has emerged as a strategic point of international exchange with the rest of Asia. The intriguing Fukuoka Museum of Asian Fine Art, is well worth a visit as it showcases the "now" of Asia. At Dazaifu, 20 min. by car from Fukuoka, many archeological finds related to Japan's ancient court culture can be found.

Arita, 1 hr. 20 min. from Hakata, is well known for its pottery with a history of over 400 years. There are about 150 kilns in the area.

Nagasaki is a base from which to visit Unzen. Nagasaki was the only Japanese port open to foreign trade by the Tokugawa shogunate during the period of Japan's seclusion from 1639 to 1859. Nagasaki was also the target of the second atomic bomb dropped on Japan during World War II.

Primary attractions in the city include Sofukuji Temple, known as the Chinese Temple, the Oura Catholic Church — a National Treasure — and the century-old Glover Mansion. It is also noted for its scenery reminiscent of the setting for Puccini's opera, Madame Butterfly.

Nagasaki Peace Park was laid out to commemorate the exact spot of the atomic blast on August 9, 1945, three days after the first was dropped on Hiroshima.

Unzen, a pleasant 2-hr. drive from Nagasaki, features both highland and seashore hot-spring resorts. Mt. Unzen, an active volcano, consists of three peaks, the highest being Fugendake (alt. 1,360 m.). Shimabara is where Shimabara Castle once stood. Its donjon, a reconstruction, is now a museum, displaying records and documents relating to the Christians of the district who made their last stand here in their struggle against persecution by the Shogunate in 1638.

Kumamoto is 1 hr. 30 min. by limited express train from Hakata Sta. Major tourist spots include Kumamoto Castle and Suizenji Park. Kumamoto is also a gateway to Aso-Kuju National Park, which includes volcanoes such as Mt. Aso, the world's largest volcanic caldera, and Mt. Kuju.

Beppu Spa, 15 min. by train from Oita, is situated on the eastern coast of Kyushu. Beppu, a spa town, is famous for its bubbling mud ponds, the most active of which detonate loudly and throw mud into the air.

When it comes to public hot spring baths, there over 100 — eloquent proof that this is one of Japan's greatest hot spring resorts. Try hopping from one public bath to another and enjoy the many different hot spring waters.

Miyazaki, 3 hrs. 20 min. by limited express train from Oita, is a favorite vacation spot. Nichinan Kaigan Quasi-National Park, extending for about 100 km. along the seacoast south of Miyazaki, is the foremost tourist highlight. Its principal attraction is Aoshima Island, a tiny islet densely covered with biro or betel-nut palms.

Kagoshima is 2 hrs. 20 min. by limited express train from Miyazaki. The city abounds in scenic attractions, historic sites, and hot springs and is dominated by Sakurajima, an active volcano.

One hour by train from Nishi-Kagoshima Sta. Is Ibusuki, one of the most celebrated hot-spring resorts in Japan. Located at the southernmost tip of the Satsuma Peninsula, it owes its popularity in part to its lovely white sandy beach and lush subtropical vegetation. A unique form of hot sand-bathing is offered here and is a great way to relax.

Yakushima Island, 40 min. by air from Kagoshima Airport, is home to a primeval forest of "Yaku-sugi" cedars dating back thousands of years. Many outdoor activities can be enjoyed, including mountain climbing, valley trekking, canoeing and eco tours among others.

The main island of Okinawa, the most popular of the Okinawan islands, is located 2 hrs. 30 min. by air from Tokyo, and 2 hrs. 15 min. from Osaka (Itami). It is a favorite visitor destination owing to its historical past, its coral reefs, emerald seas, sunny skies, and subtropical vegetation. The islands reverted to Japan in 1972 after being occupied by the United States from the end of World War II. Tourist sites in Naha, the prefectural seat, include Naminoue Shrine, dedicated to the three gods believed to be the ancestral deities of the Imperial family; Sogenji Temple which was originally erected more than 450 years ago and is the mausoleum of the former kings of Okinawa during the Ryukyu Dynasty; and the Shurei-no-mon or Gate of Courtesy, the second gate of Shuri Castle built during the reign of King Shosei.

Okinawa Senseki (Old Battlefields) Quasi-National Park, consists of monuments dedicated to the spirits of the more than 200,000 World War II war dead.

Smaller islands around the main island boast some of the world's most crystalline seawaters and finest coral reefs, providing a marine playground for divers and tourists.

"Tohoku"

The Tohoku region offers a diverse range of attractions — outwardly rustic in appearance yet with a rich and deep ambiance. It is a combination of a colorful natural world, friendly and ingenuous people, with explosive summer festivals and excitement that culminate in the region's short summer season. And so very much more ...

The northern portion of the main island of Honshu is called the Tohoku region. The weather is always refreshingly cool in the highlands with summer temperatures some 10􀋆 cooler than in the southwest.

Rustic hot springs are everywhere in Tohoku and lure large numbers of "onsen" lovers from throughout Japan. All these hot springs are known for their medicinal values and, as such, have served as hot-spring cure places since times of old.

The gateway to the Pacific Coast area is Sendai, 2 hrs. by Shinkansen super express from Tokyo. Sendai serves as a base for trips to Matsushima, which can be reached in 40 min. by rail. Matsushima is reputed to be one of the three most beautiful places in Japan. The scenic bay is dotted with hundreds of islets. A tour around the bay on a pleasure boat is recommended.

Hiraizumi, a 1 hr. 30-min. train ride from Sendai, was originally modeled on Kyoto and is the site of the noted Chusonji Temple built in 1109. The temple's Konjikido, or Golden Hall, houses 11 images of Buddha, and was originally coated with black-lacquer and gold plate.

Aomori, 2.5 hrs. by limited express or Hachinohe, 30min by Shinkansen from Morioka is a starting point for trips to Lake Towada and the Oirase Valley, the core of the Towada-Hachimantai National Park. Lake Towada, in the center of the park, is one of the most picturesque lakes in Japan. At its eastern shore, the Oirase Valley stretches for 14 km. A promenade, meandering along the gorge fringed by dense woods, provides refreshing views of the crystal-clear stream as well as waterfalls, large and small.

A must-see in the city of Aomori is the ancient ruins of Sannai-Maruyama, a 30-min. bus trip from central Aomori. Dating back about 4,000 to 5,500 years, it is one of Japan's largest-scale ruins of Jomon-period communities. Unearthed articles and reproductions of ancient dwellings are open to the public. The city's Nebuta Festival, held in August, is famous as a festival representative of the country as a whole and attracts throngs of revelers from all over.

Hirosaki is 30 min. by limited express from Aomori. In early May every year, Hirosaki Castle grounds and surrounding areas come alive with cherry blossoms in full bloom on some 5,000 cherry trees.

The Shirakami-Sanchi Mountains, extending over the prefectural borders between Aomori and Akita, is a vast woodland of primeval beech forest, thus retaining an untouched part of the world of nature. "Mini Shirakami" hiking course is found nearby.

The city of Akita, 1 hr. 40 min. from Morioka by Akita Shinkansen, is home to the Kanto Festival in August, another great summer festival in the Tohoku region.

Kakunodate, 45 minutes from Akita by Shinkansen, is

a historic town dotted with samurai residences and storehouses. The samurai residences now serve as museums and restaurants, allowing visitors to experience old-style Japan.

Yamagata Prefecture, about three hours from Tokyo by Shinkansen, offers visitors onsen and winter skiing in the Zao mountain range. The Zao "Okama" (cauldron) is a mystical caldera lake brimming with emerald water. Don't miss it.

Aizu Wakamatsu, the castle town of Tsuruga Castle, is around 2 hrs. 30 min. from Tokyo by Shinkansen and JR limited express. Nearby Mt. Bandai and Lake Inawashiro are famous winter ski resorts.

"Chugoku"

The Chugoku region is punctuated with small but serene and exquisite villages and towns. Seaside fishing villages and hamlets nestle in the mountains. This is the place to visit in quest of nostalgic scenery and the flavor of the best of old Japan.

Chugoku, situated at the western end of the main island of Honshu, is split into the two areas of Sanyo, the Inland Sea Coast, and San-in, the Japan Sea Coast.

Okayama, 1 hr. by Shinkansen super express from Shin-Osaka, is a gateway to the Chugoku region and Shikoku Island. The main attraction here is the Korakuen Garden. Filled with flowers all year round, this garden masterpiece was created in 1700 by the ruling feudal lord of the Okayama clan who spent 14 long years to complete it.

Kurashiki, where the past is beautifully preserved and naturally blended with the new, is reached by a 15-min. train ride from Okayama. Stroll the narrow streets of the old merchant's quarter with its tileroofed houses and willow-fringed canals to get a flavor of this exquisite town. Kurashiki has several museums. Of these, Ohara museum of Art is remarkable. It contains a great collection of worldfamous paintings and sculptures. The Japanese folkcrafts and Oriental antique fine art masterpieces on exhibit are impressive.

Hiroshima, a former castle town, is reached in 1hr. 40min. by Shinkansen super express from Shin-Osaka. The present city emerged from the ashes of the World War II atomic bombing. Peace Memorial Park contains the Peace Memorial Museum displaying a large collection of photographs and objects relating to the devastation. Here the Peace Flame burns in front of the Memorial Cenotaph, never to be extinguished until all nuclear weapons are abolished.

Twenty-five min. by train from Hiroshima and a 10-min. boat ride from Miyajima-guchi, takes you to Miyajima Island and Itsukushima Shrine, a mustsee for all. The entire island, with an area of 30 sq. km., is designated by the government as a Special Historic Site and a Special Place of Scenic Beauty.

The shrine buildings are connected by corridors which stretch out over the water, so at high tide the whole structure appears to be floating on the sea. A red camphor wood torii gate rising out of the sea is the landmark of the shrine. Many colorful festivals are held here throughout the year, but the most dramatic is Kangen-sai in July or August. On this occasion, the Itsukushima deity is taken on a boat journey to visit other shrines on the mainland side and back. Sacred music is played on ancient Japanese instruments.

Hagi (Higashi-Hagi Sta.), 1 hr. 10 min. by bus from Shin-Yamaguchi Sta., is an old castle town rich in history. Hagi is the birthplace of many prominent samurai who led events resulting in the Meiji Restoration. A number of old-time samurai residences, temples and shrines can be found here and there around the town, which exudes a calm, and tasteful atmosphere. Just touring the peaceful lanes is an enjoyable experience. The town is also well known for its Hagi-yaki pottery.

Tottori, 4 hrs. 20 min. by limited express from Osaka, is the seat of Tottori Prefecture. The city is noted for the sand dunes located 5 km. to the north in a portion of the San-in Kaigan National Park. Visit the dunes early in the morning to discover the beautiful patterns on their surfaces created by winds and rain during the night.

Matsue, 2 hrs. from Tottori by limited express, is situated at the point where the Nakaumi Lagoon joins Lake Shinji. The city is a major distribution hub and tourist destination, as well as the seat of Shimane Prefecture.

Izumo Taisha Shrine, 10 min. by train from Izumoshi Sta., is famed for its architectural style and is one of the oldest shrines in Japan. Backed by history stretching a few thousand years, the grand sanctuary building stands in its own solemn splendor.

The deity enshrined here is famous nationwide in support of marital bliss, thus attracting large numbers of young woman worshippers.

"The Inland Sea/Shikoku"

The "Shimanami-kaido" route recently opened connecting the main islands of Honshu and Shikoku with seven magnificent bridges. The highway and bridge route over the Inland Sea unfolds with fantastic views interwoven by the blue sea dotted with ships and boats of all sizes, and the picturesque small islands.

The Inland Sea, or Seto-Naikai, is bounded by the three main islands of Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu. Crossing from Honshu to Shikoku islands has now become extremely easy and enjoyable thanks to the series of seven bridges, including the Seto Ohashi, Akashi-kaikyo Ohashi and Shimanami-kaido bridges.

Boats and ferries also travel to Shikoku island from the cities of Osaka, Kobe, Hiroshima, Onomichi, and Wakayama.

The Inland Sea, blessed with superb seascapes and a mild climate, is remarkably calm, peaceful and beautiful. Over 600 islands are scattered over an area of 8,200 sq. km. Walking or cycling along the "Shimanami-kaido" route (60 km. in total length) is highly recommended if you wish to fully enjoy the scenic splendors of the Inland Sea. The "Shimanamikaido" provides an ideal sightseeing route as the seven bridges link the six smaller islands lying between Honshu and Shikoku. The richly diversified coastal scenery is an interesting kaleidoscope of the many small ports, fishing villages, salt fields, and farms found among the gentle island slopes.

The Naoshima Cultural Village on Naoshima Island in the Inland Sea can be reached in about 1 hr. 30 min. from Okayama by train, ferry and car. The "village" features a fine contemporary art museum and its architecture is a harmonious blend with the island's serene natural environment.

Shikoku Island consists of four prefectures, and each prefectural seat was at one time a castle town. The natural beauty illustrated by the picturesque Inland Sea Coast and the dynamic Pacific Ocean Coast accentuates the tourist attractions of Shikoku Island. Access has become very easy since direct bus services began operating recently between the major cities in the Kansai region on the Honshu side and those on Shikoku.

Takamatsu, 1 hr. by train from Okayama, is the main gateway to Shikoku from Honshu, and a convenient starting point for traveling around the island. Takamatsu has many attractions worth seeing. Ritsurin Park is one of the finest traditional gardens in this area. It was laid out about 350 years ago on the site of a villa owned by the Matsudaira clan.

Matsuyama, the largest city in Shikoku, is a 2hr. 40min. limited express train ride from Takamatsu or a one-hour boat trip from Hiroshima or Kure. Matsuyama Castle is one of the nation's bestpreserved. Also Dogo Spa, 20 min. by rail from Matsuyama, is one of the oldest in Japan.

Kochi, 2hr. 20min. by limited express train from Takamatsu, is the prefectural seat of the rich farming land and fisheries along Shikoku's central southern coast. Its southwestern coast is designated a national park and offers a variety of outdoor attractions from scuba diving to whale watching.

Tokushima Prefecture can be reached from the Kansai region in approximately 2 hrs. 30 min. By express bus. Its capital, the city of Tokushima is famous for its Awa-Odori dance festival held every summer. Naruto, 40 min. by train from Tokushima City, is noted for its giant whirlpools in the narrow Naruto Straits. For an exciting, closer look at these whirlpools, book a ride on a pleasure boat.

"Kansai"

The Kansai region has prospered as the capital of commerce in Japan since olden times. As such, Kansai is characterized by its distinct vitality and energy even today, creating a very special atmosphere that enlivens the visitor as well.

Osaka, 3 hrs. by Shinkansen super express or 1 hr. by air from Tokyo, is Japan's third-largest city and the commercial and industrial hub for western Japan.

Situated at the mouth of the Yodo River emptying into Osaka Bay, Osaka has a network of canals that crisscross under its many busy streets, which have played an important role in the city's prosperity.

As a classical city, it is very proud of its being the origin of Bunraku puppet theater. The Osaka Bay area is a must for visitors as an emerging center of the trendiest in urban attractions, include Osaka Aquarium KAIYUKAN and Universal Sudios JapanTM, a Hollywood based theme park, and many more.

The absolute highlight is Osaka Castle, once the largest in Japan, built in 1586 by Toyotomi Hideyoshi. The present five-storied fortress, a copy of the original, contains many historical art objects and documents related to the Toyotomi family and Osaka of the old.

Nakanoshima, on a small delta between divergent streams of the Yodo River, is the civic center. At its end lies Temmangu Shrine, dedicated to Michizane Sugawara, a noted scholar. Nearby is the Tenjinbashi Shopping Street which has long prospered by catering to worshippers and visitors to the local shrine. A walk along its shopping arcade provides a glimpse into the daily lifestyle of the local residents.

For entertainment and shopping, don't miss the Umeda and Namba districts. Umeda, centered around Umeda Sta., has a number of modern underground arcades which are always teaming with visitors and shoppers. Worthy of its reputation for "kuidaore" (the epicurean joy of over-indulgence in the delights of the table), Osaka truly caters to the gourmet. Try popular Osaka dishes such as "yakiniku" (grilled meat), "fugu-nabe" (globefish hotpot), "kushi-katsu" (skewed deep-fried pork and onions), "sushi" and "tako-yaki" (baked dumpling containing a piece of boiled octopus), among many, many others.

Kobe, 30 min. by rail from Osaka, is a major seaport which has developed at a rapid pace since the Meiji Restoration began in 1868. A city of hills, Kobe has many narrow paths and walkways that wind up and down the Rokko foothills that form the city's backdrop. One of Japan's main ports, along with Yokohama, Kobe harbors a fascinating foreign residential enclave that is great for strolling.

Kobe Port Tower, soaring 108 m., is beautifully lit up in the evening. Across the way is Kobe Harborland, a newly emerging waterfront development. It bustles with throngs of visitors who enjoy the famed night view of this great port city well into the evening hours.

Another major attraction in western Japan is located in Himeji City. Himeji Castle is one of the most beautiful castles to be found in the nation. With its twisting paths through the castle grounds leading past alabaster—plastered walls and the original buildings—preserved as national treasures—a visit here is not to be missed.

For a different unforgettable experience, stay at the monastery at the summit of Mt. Koya, a 2-hr. rail ride from Osaka. Founded in 816 by Kobo Daishi, the great exponent of the Shingon sect of Buddhism, the monastery is comprised of over 120 temples, of which 53 offer lodgings and vegetarian meals at reasonable prices. The monastery is visited by 1 million pilgrims annually.